Baboon

**// By Venissa Cornelia Chow //**
 * // Baboon //**


 * **// Classification of a Baboon //** ||
 * Kingdom: || __ Animalia __ ||
 * Phylum: || __ Chordate __ ||
 * Class: || __ Mammalia __ ||
 * Order: || __ Primates __ ||
 * Family: || __ Cercopithecidae __ ||
 * Genus: || __ Papio __ ||


 * // Fact file on Baboon: //**
 * ** Swahili Name: ** || Nyani ||
 * ** Scientific Name: ** || Olive baboon (//Papiocynocephalus anubis//); yellow baboon (//Papio ynocephalus cynocephalus//) ||
 * ** Size: ** || 14 to 30 inches at the shoulder ||
 * ** Weight: ** || 50 to 100 pounds ||
 * ** Lifespan: ** || 20 to 30 years ||
 * ** Habitat: ** || Savannas and woodlands ||
 * ** Diet: ** || Omnivorous ||
 * ** It's Predators: ** || Humans, leopards, cheetahs ||


 * // Descriptions: //**


 * Where is its **//__Geographic Range__//**?

Africa (based on the Western Africa and to the Eastern Africa)


 * //__ Baboon's Habitat: __//**

Baboons are often recounted as a savanna dwelling species, which live in areas such as clear open grassland areas or near wooded areas. Olive baboons have the prodigious range compared to the rest of the baboon types and they are easily adapted to new environments. Olive baboons have rapidly decreasing over these 10 decades, and therefore they are commonly found in the Eastern and Western coast of Africa. Olive baboons are considered the smartest and brightest baboon type in the baboon family tree. Baboon sleeps for at least 7 hours a day their features are very much alike to humans. Baboon sleeps in large groups which are known as troops, these troops are mostly located in areas likes on top of a cliff or nearby a large tree. Olive baboons have chosen this site as they believe that these sits could provision a superb shielding from their tribe's predators. Their predators including the Chimpanzees, [|Leopard] , Hyena and [|Lion].

With baboons well developed hands and feet, it is able to comfortably swing from trees to trees and climbing up and down. During night times the baboons return and sleeps in the same sleeping area. They sleep in troops intend to keep themselves safe and protecting each other’s.

Professors around the world have studied Olive baboons, most professional would mostly travel to Gilgil in Kenya, because most Olive baboons troops tend to stay there. Gilgil is a place located in Kenya; Gilgil is a place where trees and forrest partially take up the whole area of the land mass. The Olive baboon lives in areas where there are a lot of trees, for them to climb and find food; therefore Gilgil is the best place for searching of Baboons.

Source 1: Gilgil, Kenya

Both genders would reach sexual maturity at a certain age between 4-6. Baboon has several diverged mating partners. The baboon gestation period for a baboon is 180 days; therefore it is very important that they don't waste time. Within the Baboon world most female baboons tend to attract male baboons during their estrus period, which is also known as the ovulation period. Female baboon grabs the attention of a male baboon but sticking or presenting her bottom up to the male symbolizing that she is sexually willing. Other signs are also presented as their was reports that pointed out that when female baboon raises their eyebrows and flatten their ears while attempting to attract a male, the male baboon would react to that action by smacking their lips, making a friendly facial expression and gently converge with the female. After mating with their partners, the breeding progress takes place, the breeding take place throughout the year.
 * // Reproduction: //**

Baboon has an active trail, they tend to move impulsively and actively throughout the day, and when it reaches night time their energy power are all used up, therefore they are less active at night times.
 * //__ Behavior: __//**

Baboon weights at the range of 10-32 kg. Papio are large members from the Cercopithicidae family.
 * //__ Physical Descriptions: __//**

Baboon's contribution to our ecosystem: Baboon is one of the most important contributors to our ecosystem developments. Baboon's food chain is very well related to other animals in Africa. Baboon also has a huge contribution to the soil development as they eat tubers. Tubers are a various type of modified plant structure that allows it to store nutrients. Baboon is also known as frugivores, fruit eaters. Therefore they are capable of eating all fruits, as they do so they scatter seeds and leftovers on the floor, and it gives it a chance to reproduce more fruits. According to their food chain baboon also plays the role as a prey to the larger and fierceful animals of Africa.

Baboon eats fruits, insects, lizards and large tree leaves. Olive baboons are mainly found in Kenya, Kenya has a definite rainy season, which takes place from the end of February to the start of June. Kenya is well known for its long rainfalls. When the rain seasons of the year is over and is in drought Baboons would depend on weed, weed makes up at least 90% of a baboon's diet during this season of the time.
 * //__ Food Habits: __//**

Source 2: Olive Baboon eating fruits

Structural: 1. Baboon belongs to the cercopithecid family tree, humans was also rated as the most similar mammal type in the cercopithecid family tree. Baboons have considerably long opposable thumbs and toes like human beings. Their thumbs act as tools and tweezers to allow them to pick up food and objects, peel and handle delicate objects. Baboons are fruit eaters; hence they were given nimble fingers and toes, which allowed them to handle fruits.
 * // Adaptations: //**

-Environmental pressure also contributes to thumbs and toes developments, in the old day there isn't much food to chose from therefore delicate thumbs and toes weren’t needed.

2. As seen on the diagram above the baboon has a strong jaw and strong molars, which is relatively similar to dogs. These strong jaws enable them to bight, chew and grind tougher food.

-Environmental pressure: these tough jaws may have developed after decades, because their predators were hunting baboons. Baboons with large cheeks and jaws would have given them a huge advantage compared to the ones who don’t as it gives it the ability to chew and grab hold of it food and to defend itself.

Behavioral 1. Sleeping arrangements: as mentioned above within the habitat section, baboons sleeps in large groups called troops which are located nearby areas such as large trees or on cliffs. Olive baboons have chosen this site, as they believe that these sits could provision a superb shielding from their tribe's predators. Their predators including the [|Leopard], Hyena, [|Lion], and Tigers.

- Environmental pressure: baboons have excellent camouflage skills to protect themselves. These camouflage skills allow to them to hide under or close by trees to protect themselves from being hunted by their predators.

2. Baboons are highly smart, clever and bright-developed creatures. They stay in troops, which is ranged from numbers 15-200. In real life there are hierarchy systems, well in the baboon family tree it also exists. High female or male are ranked with the high and low system range, were highly ranked baboon would have large amount of freedom and those low ranked would have to fulfill the high ranked baboon’s commands and wishes. Living in a immense group is very important because they provide excellent protection from their predators and immense groups make missions like gathering food relatively easier.

- The environment pressure: the pressure which baboon’s might have taken up to enterprise with this grouping order is mainly because of protection and making missions easier, we believe that to them it would be a lot easier to run in a system type nation. Another fact that might have contributed to this factor is that baboon’s believes that staying together could pursue happiness. Baboons are rated as the second most socialized animal within the cercopithecid family.

Physiological - Baboon has great sensory organs. They are able to sense of sight, hearing and smell. This ability allow them to sense their predators, and protect them from coming to get them as they can smell them approaching. Their excellent eyesight allows them to spot and locate food.

- Environmental pressure: the environmental pressure that might have encouraged baboons to develop such high sensory organs might be because animals must be keen on their predators in order to live. Therefore older baboons have developed this sort of skills in order to increase its chance to survive.

= __//** Baboon’s Extinct Ancestors **//__ = Please visit: Baboon's Extinct Ansectors

__//** Future Organism of a Baboon: **//__ Please visit: Baboon (future organism)

__//**Bibliography**//__ Please visit: @bibliography